SKILL 2: BE CAREFUL OF OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS
An object of a
preposition is a noun or a pronoun that comes after a preposition, such as in,
at, of, to, by, behind, on, and so on, to form a prepositional phrase.
(After
his exams) Tom will take a trip (by boat).
This sentence
contains two objects of prepositions. Exams is the object of the
preposition after and boat is the object of the preposition by.
An object of a
preposition can cause confusion in the Structure section of the TOEFL testbecause
it can be mistaken for the subject of a sentence.
Example
With his friend _____ found the movie
theater.
(A) has
(B) he
(C) later
(D) when
In this example
you should look first for the subject and the verb. You should notice the verb found
and should also notice that there is no subject. Do not think that friend
is the subject; friend is the object of the preposition with, and
one noun cannot be both a subjectand an object at the same time. Because a
subject is needed in this sentence, answer (B), he, is the best answer.
Answers (A), (C), and (D) are not correct because they cannot be subjects.
The
following chart outlines the key information that you should remember about
objects
of prepositions:
OBJECT
OF PREPOSITIONS
A preposition is followed by a noun or
pronoun that is called an object of the preposition.
If
a word is an object of a preposition, it is not the subject.
EXERCISE 2: Each of the following sentences contains one or
mor e prepositional phrases. Underline the subjects once and
the verbs twice. Circle the prepositional phrases that come before
the verb. The n indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect
(I).
___ __ 1. The interviews
(by radio broadcasters) were carried live by the station.
___ __ 2. (in the
last possible moment)(before takeoff) took his seat in the airplane.
______ 3. At the
neighborhood flower shop, flowers in quantities of a dozen or a half dozen can
beb delivered for free
______ 4. The progressive
reading methods at this school are given credit for the improved test scores.
______ 5. For the last three
years at various hospitals in the county has been practicing medicine.
______ 6. In the past a
career in politics was not considered acceptable in some circles.
______ 7. Shopping in the
downtown area of the city it has improved a lot in recent years.
______ 8. At the building
site the carpenters with the most experience were given the most intricate
work.
______ 9. For the fever and
headache took two aspirin tablets.
______ 10. The report with
complete documentation was delivered at the conference.
Answer Key
___C___ 1. The interviews (by
radio broadcasters) were carried live by the station.
___I___ 2. (in the last
possible moment)(before takeoff) took his seat in the airplane.
___C___ 3. (At the
neighborhood flower shop), flowers (in quantities
of a dozen or a half dozen) can be delivered (for free).
___C___ 4. The progressive reading methods (at
this school) are given credit (for the improved
test scores).
___I___ 5. (For the last
three years) (at various hospitals) (in the county) has been practicing
medicine.
___C___ 6. (In the past) a career (in
politics) was not considered acceptable in
some circles.
___I___ 7. Shopping (in
the downtown area of the city) it has improved a
lot (in recent years).
___C___ 8. (At the building
site) the carpenters (with the most
experience) were given the most intricate
work.
___I___ 9. (For the fever
and headache) took two aspirin tablets.
___C___ 10. The report (with
complete documentation) was delivered (at the conference).
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